The car of tomorrow: oil water, energy change
A group of companies encourages the development of technology and necessary for vehicles run on hydrogen infrastructure globally; progress and expectations
Oil water, the change in energy.
TOKYO automotive Those who presented their cars in the latest edition of the Tokyo Motor Show, one of the most important fairs in Asia cars, filled with the slogan content of the sample. "Beyond the engine," it read as a slogan of the event. And so it was: everything went well beyond the noise of the machines.
Those specifications for potency, final velocity or acceleration appear to have been books for fans of all four wheels. Now there is talk of emissions, smart cars, electricity, assisted management or alternative to combustion technologies, such as hybrid. The automotive industry, the mother of all industries, one that the hand of Henry Ford created more than 100 years the production chain, is a global icon in the middle of a road that leads to abandon the paradigms under which the car was created.
And beyond that in Argentina even the combustion engine is used almost exclusively heads who think the overall master plan for the cars of tomorrow seem to have tipped the balance of future mobility. Hydrogen plants in ideas for vehicles coming a word stronger than others hear.
Not for less. If this technology is imposed, the fuel of the future will have water as raw material; as input, and electricity, such as broadcast, steam (similar to a kettle boiling water).
Conversations happen that way. Toyota, the firm that is a world leader in the industry get the throne after US giant General Motors, which owns 60% market share in Japan, exhibited at its booth several models. None driven only combustion. -Black vehicle to a supercar, opaque, convertible, those who would have- any Argentine fierrero exhibited an engine with a combination of traditional ecological technology. The other cars were shown electric, hybrid or hydrogen.
While Argentina struggles with problems solved by almost all the world's economies, as inflation in the world is given another type of discussion.
A year ago a seed that will revolutionize the world map was planted. So that could change the global geopolitics. After years of quiet work in January 2017 and during the global leaders' summit in Davos, introduced the Hydrogen Council, a group of companies dedicated to developing hydrogen technology and a system of production and distribution of global reach. Most striking are the expected time for this energy future: not much beyond 2020.
Two companies were the promoters of the initiative: Toyota and Air Liquide, a firm that already has the technology to break down the water molecule and market oxygen on the one hand and on the other, hydrogen. This global board now has 28 members: 18 and 10 support address, based in North America, Europe and Asia.
It is 28 multinational firms operating in sectors of energy, transport and industry, and are committed to help limit global warming to no more than 2 degrees, according to the target set in 2015 in Paris.
Only the list of partners gives dimension to the initiative. In addition to Air Liquide and Toyota, Alstom, Anglo American, Audi, BMW Group, Ballard, Daimler, Engie, Faber Industries, Faurecia, First Element Fuel (True Zero), General Motors, Gore, Honda, Hydrogenics, Hyundai Motor, were recorded Iwatani, Kawasaki, Mitsui & Co., Mitsubishi Corporation, Plastic Omnium, Plug Power, the Linde Group and Shell oil companies, state Norway's Statoil and France's Total.
The agreement seeks to accelerate the construction of hydrogen stations during the initial phase of the commercialization of fuel cell vehicles (FCV as the acronym). In Japan, 11 companies, including banks, developed the strategic plan for hydrogen and fuel cells, which was revised on 22 March 2016. There a target of 160 operational hidrogeneras is established and 40,000 hydrogen vehicles in use 2020.
"Today we are at a crossroads in our industry that is changing faster than ever in Toyota we see this change as an opportunity to transform our first car Electrified series was in this booth here in Tokyo 20 years ago.. It was the Prius, and was the pioneer in the space of electrified vehicles, "said Didier Leroy, executive Vice President and member of the steering committee of Toyota, in his message in Tokyo.
What is the technology
What is this technology? Denso, another company working with Toyota on this product defines the FCV. "FCV are powered by a chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen cars. This reaction occurs in the fuel cell and generates electricity that powers the vehicle engine. The oxygen is taken from the surrounding air, while hydrogen is pumped into the tank vehicle from a refueling station much like a gas station. the only byproduct is water, which allows FCV are an extremely environmentally friendly alternative for the future, "the company explained.
Was there ever any attempt to use combustion engines instead of traditional fuels using hydrogen. Audi experimented with this technology. But he was unsuccessful. Actually, the vehicle of the future will be electric, only that electricity will be generated in these cells and no supply from the network to charge a battery. The difference between a car and wait plugging recharge and generate electric power is not less hydrogen. In the first case, the vehicle immobility time waiting for your battery is charged a couple of hours; in the second, no more than three minutes: that's what it takes to load a tank of hydrogen. That explains that hydrogen fuel cells are an overcoming cable technology to the network.
"Our message was clear:.. Electrifying transport would change forever Today, Toyota already sells 37 cars electrified in more than 90 countries, with nearly 1.5 million units sold annually In fact, if taken today all global market for electric vehicles, Toyota's market share is 43 percent, "says Leroy.
In addition to this global consortium, the leader of the Japanese market also created EV Spirit. Toyota has 90%, and Mazda and Denso 5% each. "It's a new company to develop the EV architecture with a view to mass production," adds the executive.
At least one Argentine who already sat at the wheel of a production vehicle powered by hydrogen: President Mauricio Macri. On his trip to Japan in May last year, he managed a Mirai. This vehicle, which has 154 horsepower, reaches 178 kilometers per hour and has a range of about 550 kilometers. It is already marketed in some Nordic countries and in certain areas of the United States. Who buy it for about eight years, you will have a fuel bonus. As an initial stage of the project and there are few stations, including the automotive and deliver hydrogen States. It happens that the owner can not be away from the refueling station, so, for now, is a car with limited mobility.
Air Liquide, one of the world leaders in the production of hydrogen, and has 100 hydrogen stations installed worldwide, which can recharge the tanks of a particular vehicle in less than five minutes. That burden will serve to travel about 500 kilometers. "It has zero emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), zero particles and zero noise pollution. In 2016, Air Liquide produced 14.000 million cubic meters of hydrogen for refineries and petrochemical sector. The current production to recharge around 10 million electric fuel cell vehicles. revenues hydrogen from refining and petrochemical markets in 2016 were 2000 million euros "feature in the local subsidiary of the company.
From wind
Everything is in place. In Yokohama, facing Tokyo Bay, next to an American naval base that still persists after World War II, a windmill rotates the blades. It is part of a project between the municipality and Toyota. It is an ecological system, zero emission, hydrogen production. The wind moves the mill and converts those turns into electrical energy. On the other hand, bay water is taken. The energy produced accumulates in hundreds of Toyota Prius batteries are in a container, and used for times when the wind is not blowing. With electricity, the process of breaking the water molecule is generated to separate the hydrogen, which is then cooled for compression. In that state, to trucks that carry the fuel to vehicles climbs. From this place it caters to forklift vehicles, working in industrial plants and as part of the pilot project. From one end to the other only steam emission was generated.
While this reality will arrive, must be repeated in 2020 and will be available and that in the 2020 Summer Olympics hydrogen is used for the logistics of the event, with a hybrid technology. Something like the transition. Hybrid cars already achieved in Argentina and for an official decision, have tax exemptions that permit have competitive prices.
On the side of hydrogen production, the firm Air Liquide invested 120 million dollars since 2010 in building the first plant in Campana. Currently under construction is the second, which will have 23,400 square meters.
The world is moving and the decision on what the alternative fuel to conventional is already taken. The water will replace oil. It only remains to imagine how you could change the map of world power when those oil-producing countries, which paradoxically have problems with lack of water, whether not selling the joker in the world. The technology is available and the decision, too. infrastructure and production scale to lower costs tackle. Then yes you can think that you may have cars that run on water. As life.
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